The evidence, explained.

Not all dark spots are the same — and treating the wrong type of hyperpigmentation with the wrong ingredient wastes time. Here's how to identify yours and what actually helps.

There is a sophisticated and complete antioxidant system in the skin, which is used as a defense to the oxidation reactions and free radicals induced by sun exposure, UV and ozone pollution.  The skins antioxidant defence consists of two systems, including the enzyme antioxidant system which consists of [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] and a non-enzymatic antioxidant system (vitamin C, vitamin...

Most of us know that without adequate protection from environmental aggressors such as the ultra-violet radiation (UVR) and pollution, our skin will start to show signs of increased blotchiness, darkening of skin spots, dullness and over time, increased pigmentation. Pigmentation is inevitable in our Australian climate.  Pigmentation is a responsive mechanism to protect the skin against these DNA-damaging environmental influences. Pigment...

It is far from the new skincare fad, after it it has been around since the 1930's, but vitamin c is having a new moment in the sun! Our increased awareness of our environment and the ways it affects our skin is shinning a new light on this ingredients antioxidant super powers with its hero status showing now sign of...